Artificial Intelligence and its Role in Crisis Management: Opportunities and Challenges of Technological Intervention

Abstract

Global crises of the twenty-first century, including pandemics, climate change, natural disasters, and technological emergencies, highlight the need for more effective and systematic approaches to crisis management. Traditional management models often fail to adequately address the complexity and rapid dynamics of modern crises, which significantly increases the importance of technological interventions. In this context, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly regarded as one of the most promising tools for enhancing crisis prediction, response, and recovery processes. The aim of this paper is to examine the role of artificial intelligence in crisis management by identifying its key applications, opportunities, and challenges. The study is based on a systematic literature review, quantitative research methods, and comparative analysis, providing both theoretical and practical insights into the use of AI in crisis-related decision-making. The findings indicate that AI significantly improves data processing speed, forecasting accuracy, and decision-making efficiency, particularly in the management of health crises, pandemics, climate-related disasters, and economic disruptions. At the same time, the research highlights critical risks associated with the use of artificial intelligence, including issues related to data quality, lack of algorithmic transparency, ethical and legal concerns, and the potential reduction of human oversight. The paper concludes that artificial intelligence should be viewed primarily as a decision-support tool rather than a fully autonomous decision-maker. Its effective and safe integration into crisis management requires a clear ethical framework, high-quality and reliable data, and continuous human supervision.