Development of a Monitoring Dataset for Logic-Based Electromagnetic Field Risk Assessment
Keywords:
Electromagnetic field, EMF monitoring, Fuzzy Logic, Risk AssessmentAbstract
Cities today are full of technologies that create electromagnetic fields: mobile base stations, power lines, Wi-Fi networks and many other devices. Because of this, it is important to measure EMF levels and to understand what they mean for people. This paper works on three connected tasks for the city of Tbilisi. The “Avlabari” district is used as the pilot study area. The tasks are: to collect and combine the existing EMF data from base stations, power lines, Wi-Fi zones and similar sources, to find the geographic zones where the EMF radiation density is high, and to check how much EMF monitoring data is available for Tbilisi, how good this data is, and where the gaps are. Our measurements in our study area show these electric field levels: 1.2–4 V/m near the Georgian National University SEU, 2.8–6,1 V/m near mobile base stations, 1.5–4 V/m near the metro station, 1.5–3 V/m near clinics, and 0.3–2 V/m in open, less populated areas. All these values are far below the international reference levels for the general public, which correspond to roughly 41–61 V/m in the mobile-network frequency bands. However, the values change a lot from place to place, and they are higher than the average levels reported for some Western European cities. The available data for Tbilisi is still incomplete, so we also propose a fuzzy logic model. The model uses EMF strength, distance to the source and exposure time as inputs, and it gives a risk level as output: Low, Medium, High or Very High. Finally, the paper describes the main gaps in the EMF data for Tbilisi and gives recommendations for a better monitoring system. The results show that fuzzy logic is a useful and effective bridge between incomplete urban EMF measurements and clear risk communication.
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